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Draft Recommendation O.xx(0.6)
1 020 Hz REFERENCE TEST FREQUENCY
1. Introduction
The intent of this Recommendation is to specify a single nominal
reference frequency of 1 020 Hz in order to provide guidance to
manufacturers and administrations in the design and operation of new equipment and
systems. This Recommendation is not intended to have an effect on existing
equipment or systems except where modifications are required to allow for
interworking, e.g., an older analogue exchange would need to be provided
with new reference frequency capability if circuits were provided between
it and digital exchanges.
2. Test frequencies on circuits routed over PCM systems
The testing of circuits routed over PCM systems provide a major
consideration when selecting a suitable reference test frequency. An error
in level measurement can arise on circuits routed over PCM systems if the test
frequency is a sub-multiple of the PCM sampling rate. This error can be nearly
as great as +0.15 dB at 800 Hz and +0.20 dB at 1 000 Hz with a sampling rate of
8 000 Hz employing 8-bit coding. In addition, errors, in other parameters, such
as total distortion, may be even more significant.
Therefore it is recommended that the use of a reference test frequency
that is a sub-multiple of the PCM sampling rate should be avoided. Studies
within CCITT reveal that some administrations have employed nominal reference test
frequencies offset from 800 Hz or 1 000 Hz by varying amounts but within the
ranges 804 - 860 Hz or 1 004 - 1 020 Hz. These studies have confirmed that where
interworking is not required, no significant problems in maintenance have been
encountered by administrations and existing test procedures and equipment may
continue to be used.
In the case of interworking and for new equipment and systems, the
administrations expressed a strong preference for the selection of a reference test
frequency of 1 020 Hz.
3. Considerations for new measuring equipment specifications
The following should be considered for new measuring equipment
specifications in the O-Series Recommendations:
i) A reference test frequency of 1 020 Hz is recommended for test
frequency generating circuits or instruments that provide reference test
frequencies. The specified frequency tolerance should be +2 to -7 Hz1.
1 The negative tolerance of 7 Hz is intended to allow the use of digitally
generated test signals that are generated by a sufficiently high number of
samples to achieve the measurement accuracy specified in certain
O-Series Recommendations (e.g. Recommendation O.133).
ii) The nominal level of the reference test frequency when used on in-service equipment should not be greater that -10 dBmO = 1 dB.
iii) Measuring circuits or instruments which utilize the reference
test frequencies should provide, if possible, for measurement of any
frequencies within the nominal range of 1 000 to 1 025 Hz.
By agreement between the administrations concerned, in the absence of
the required sending or measuring apparatus, the use of a measuring frequency in
the range of 800 to 860 Hz is admissible. Other considerations about the
deployment and use of reference test frequencies are given in Recommendation M.20[1].
REFERENCES
1. CCITT Recommendation, Maintenance philosophy for analogue, digital and
mixed networks, Volume IV.1, Recommendation M.20.